ഫലകം:Infobox cerium

Cerium, ₀₀Ce
Cerium
Pronunciation	/ˈsɪəriəm/ (SEER-ee-əm)
Appearance	silvery white
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Ce)
	ഫലകം:Infobox element/standard atomic weight format
Cerium in the periodic table
	lanthanum ← cerium → praseodymium
Group	f-block groups (no number)
Period	period 6
Block	f-block
Electron configuration	[Xe] 4f1 5d1 6s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 19, 9, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	1068 K (795 °C, 1463 °F)
Boiling point	3716 K (3443 °C, 6229 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	6.770 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	6.55 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	5.46 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	398 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	26.94 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	+1, +2, +3, +4 (a mildly basic oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.12
Ionization energies	1st: 534.4 kJ/mol ; 2nd: 1050 kJ/mol ; 3rd: 1949 kJ/mol ; (more) ;
Atomic radius	empirical: 181.8 pm
Covalent radius	204±9 pm
	Spectral lines of cerium
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	double hexagonal close-packed (dhcp) ; β-Ce
Crystal structure	face-centered cubic (fcc) ; γ-Ce
Speed of sound thin rod	2100 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	γ, poly: 6.3 µm/(m⋅K) (at r.t.)
Thermal conductivity	11.3 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	β, poly: 828 nΩ⋅m (at r.t.)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Molar magnetic susceptibility	(β) +2450.0·10−6 cm3/mol (293 K)
Young's modulus	γ form: 33.6 GPa
Shear modulus	γ form: 13.5 GPa
Bulk modulus	γ form: 21.5 GPa
Poisson ratio	γ form: 0.24
Mohs hardness	2.5
Vickers hardness	210–470 MPa
Brinell hardness	186–412 MPa
CAS Number	7440-45-1
History
Naming	after dwarf planet Ceres, itself named after Roman deity of agriculture Ceres
Discovery	Martin Heinrich Klaproth, Jöns Jakob Berzelius, Wilhelm Hisinger (1803)
First isolation	Carl Gustaf Mosander (1838)
Isotopes of cerium ക; തി;
	Template:infobox cerium isotopes does not exist
	വർഗ്ഗം: Cerium; view; talk; edit; \| references

Ce · Cerium
	^iso Ce E infobox E isobox	→ H ibox H
[[:Category:\|cat:Ce]] (0) cat:Ce-isotopes (0) Commons Wikidata: Wiktionary
indexes by PT (page) ക തി

Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
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Top image	view edit
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Category (enwiki)	view edit
Standard atomic weight	view edit
most stable isotope	view edit
Oxidation states	view edit
Spectral lines image	view edit

References

↑ Ground levels and ionization energies for the neutral atoms, NIST
↑ Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

ഫലകം:വിവരണം/ഭാഗം

[1] Ground levels and ionization energies for the neutral atoms, NIST

[magnet-2] Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.

[3] Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

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